Recently, signs that encourage sightseeing spots have disturbed the landscape.You should consider measures against manners violations before making a signboard (photo: Jack Swing / PixTa)
右肩上がりで増加する訪日外国人観光客。2018年度はついに3000万人を超えると見込まれているが、京都をはじめとする観光地へ観光客が殺到した結果、トラブルが続発している。オーバーキャパシティーがもたらす交通や景観、住環境などでの混乱。その影響は、景観を最重視すべき観光地での「看板の氾濫」といった形でも表出、深刻化している。この問題にいったいどう対応すべきか。京都在住の東洋文化研究者アレックス・カー氏と、ジャーナリスト・清野由美氏が建設的な解決策を記した『観光亡国論』から、観光公害に苦しむ京都の最新事情と取るべき対策について紹介する。In the previous article, I wrote the topic of tourism pollution in Kyoto and the world.In fact, there is another pollution in Japan's tourist destinations before the "Tourism Pollution" caused by the increase in foreign tourists.And unfortunately it doesn't seem to be reflected in many Japanese eyes.
That is the "signboard pollution".
When sightseeing pollution is taken up by news, etc., the problem of congestion that goes beyond capacity and illegal private lodging tends to be raised.However, signboards overflowing in famous places and towns are definitely damaging tourism and culture.
Let's visit tourist attractions.
When you go nearby, you can see "some temple here" on the street corner, "Entrance is here" in the parking lot, "important cultural property" for the gate, "route is here" on the approach, and the alleys are "Toilet is there".The signboard.If you go inside, the entrance will be "strictly prohibited in the foot", "non -smoking", and "fire strictly prohibited".In front of the corridor, in front of the parlor, and in front of the garden, "prohibition of photography".In addition to "prohibition of shooting", "do not touch glass" in addition to "prohibition of shooting".
After watching and leaving the famous places, the exit is "Click here for the shop."When you leave, you will be greeted by the end of the sign from the beginning to the end, saying, "The parking lot is here."In addition to conventional letters and signs, it has recently grown to versions that add anime and loose characters.
No matter how venerable the temple and shrines, once you step in, the on -parade of caution, such as "quit the precincts", "do not stop", "dangerous", "do not go out of the fence".Looking over the precincts, you can see "Toll parking lots / worshipers are free", "reception place", "Toilet", "Evil protection prayer acceptance" ...
I am interested in "Shinto" in Japan, arranges special worship for inbound tours, and lectures on Shinto history.The rituals of the shrine and Shinto are cleaned up with water, "Misogi", "Daigoku", and hopes for "celebration" and hoping to "purify the purification".It represents the "world of God".
"The grounds of the shrine are the place where God dwells, so they cleanse their hands and mouth when worshiping," he explains to foreign participants, but then visit the shrine with everyone.The precincts are full of unsightly signboards.On the contrary, looking at the garbage environment, you will be surprised, "Where is the purity?"
Certainly, the recent shrine and temples have become "instructions", "attention", or "business" that welcome customers rather than history and religion.
If the shrine is in such a situation, the city will not be aware.If you walk the street, you will find a flood on the promotional sign for shops and products.It is full of signboards from sanctuary to vulgarity, and from the city to the countryside, which is a major inhibition of the landscape.
Signboard pollution was a problem that had been in Japan's tourist attractions for a long time before the increase in inbound.In other words, "pollution" related to sightseeing is not all caused by inbound.
Recently, there is a background to welcome tourists from all over the world to Japan, and there is no language written on the signboard, including English, Chinese, Korean, French, Spanish, Arabic.Among international tourism transportation, multilingual display is basically a good thing.
However, in the case of Japan, the inbound increase may be called, and the number of excess signboards is originally multi -language, which may increase to double or tripled.
In fact, at a temple in Fukuoka Prefecture, the number of foreign tourists has increased rapidly, such as eating and drinking and riding a skateboard on the grounds.A signboard that evokes manners in 12 languages has been installed.However, it still did not work.
Even more, it is a movement to make an announcement of manners endlessly in multiple languages at tourist attractions and commercial facilities.
The signboard does not have to be seen, but it can not escape from the announcement that hits the ears, which is mental stress.If you do not adopt the appropriate method in the announcement, not only "visual pollution" but also "hearing pollution" will spread.
In terms of language, it should be almost enough in three languages: Japanese and English, and if necessary.
And now, the accuracy of translation using apps is growing on a daily basis.You can leave it to the development of technology.Nevertheless, if you need a multilingual explanation, you can use a brochure or audio guide to develop multilingual development.
One salvation is that the Japanese government has begun to be based on such perception.
For example, the Tourism Agency is "Guidelines for improving and strengthening multilinguals to realize tourism countries" (2014), and the basic rules for "station name display, entry prohibition, and understanding of exhibits are Japanese and English."The two languages" are described.In other words, it indicates the rules for multilingual displays that tend to spread endlessly.
Meanwhile, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications is also promoting the introduction of automatic translations in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics, assuming police boxes, tourist information, and immigration management.In fact, we are developing "VOICETRA", a smartphone application that can translate 31 languages, including Japanese, English, Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese.
Rather than multilingual signs with signs that are likely to break the landscape, solutions by technology using apps, etc. are one of the movements that you want to proceed well.
If you add a little more about multilingualization, you need to pay attention to the quality of the translation.In Japan, there are two mistakes that tend to occur when translating.
One is a pattern that has a low quality of translation, even in multilingual multilinguals.The other is to write guidance for Westerners and Chinese only by the other side, not the other side but the Japanese.
The points that tourists are interested in vary depending on their home country culture, and the text and style to satisfy their interests will also change.To do so, you need to ask a person who is familiar with the inbound trends from foreign countries and has a skill in writing.Not everyone is a foreign translation.
The translation shows the cultural level of the country.I feel strongly that translation wants a proper professional to ask.
Here, I would like to give examples of Kyoto, which is suffering from sightseeing pollution.Speaking of Kyoto, Gion and Gion are Hanami Koji, but in recent years, "paparazzi tourists" have been pushed together.
When I went to Hanami Koji at the sunset, I came across a sightseeing geisha and maiko who appeared in the parlor, turning a smartphone on my face, and taking pictures with Bashabasha.He was frowned by his manner violations, but he heard that such a scene was rather normal.
In Gion, not only paparazzi, but also malicious acts such as touching the maiko's kimono with the hand that ate snacks, pulling and breaking kimonos, and putting cigarettes in the sleeves.Maiko is wearing a maiko (a clog of about 10 centimeters in height), so if she is pulled by her kimono sleeves, she will fall, and she is dangerous.
I'm going to go sightseeing in other lands, so I'm going to be more fluffy than usual, but not only to maiko, but also in Gion, I smoke, eat and drink at the eaves of a wooden building.There are many traces of tourists, such as suddenly opening the entrance of a private space, which is a private space.
What did Gion chose as a countermeasure against the remarks?It was an illustration installed in the illustration of prohibited acts such as "Do not touch the maiko" and "Let's stop eating".After all, there is no idea other than relying on "signboards".
Tourists' manners violations are not limited to Gion, but a problem around the world.
In Florence, tourists eating and drinking around World Heritage, such as Santa Crocee Cathedral, have become a problem.In front of the cathedral where Michelangelo and Galileo sleep, the city of Florence is watering around the stairs and buildings during the lunch hours and a hard -x -use strategy that can not sit in Florence.I came out.
White Temple (Ronkun Temple) in Chiang Rai, Thailand is a strange taste that is unified in white on the site, but in recent years tourists will push on large buses to cause various troubles.It has come to be like.
For example, it has been reported that a Chinese woman did not wash the toilet water after use, abandoned the toilet paper lump into the toilet bowl, ignored it, but ignored it.How do you manners to tourists not only in languages but also on various culture and lifestyle?The world is continuing to trial and error.
Here, let's consider a creative solution other than the "signboard" regarding Gion's Hanami Koji.It is, for example, "Hanami Koji Lane".Why don't you set up half of the Hanami Koji, geisha, maiko, barrier, teahouse, etc., where only local Hanayanagi and restaurants can walk?
"Hanami Koji Lane" is not a pedestrian paradise, but a local civilian country.The locals are issued a pass and those who do not have a pass cannot walk.Only customers who have reservations can approach the shops lined up on Hanami Koji.If the lane installation time is limited to the evening when geisha and maiko go to work, there is no major obstacle.If you do this, it may be a global news as a "English -to -English" in Kyoto, which is struggling with sightseeing pollution.
Another method is to provide a "manner gate" at the entrance.Only those who have taken the manner course in advance can pass through the gate.A special path is issued to those students so that they can pass the gate by privileged.
The gate is not limited to Hanami Koji.Kiyomizu -dera, Nijo Castle, Kinkaku -ji, Ginkaku -ji ...Let's set up a "manner gate" in every tourist attraction that is extremely crowded.Of course, manners courses are not only for foreigners, but also Japanese tourists.
When you say "a manner course for Japanese people," it may sound like a black joke, but the point is how important it is to have tourists have the minimum common sense in sightseeing.
As a last resort, there will be a fine.In fact, Florence and others have fined the malicious manners violations.
In Gion, the barbarism of many foreign tourists is noticeable, but in fact, those who are in trouble are paparazzi by Japanese.When tourists are flocking to maiko, there are cases in which Japanese "perverted paparazzi" acts close to voyeurism and molesting.
So what if you decided to establish a fine ordinance of "100,000 yen if you touch Maiko?"If it costs 100,000 yen at a time, even an unmanned person should hesitate a little.
The ideas here, including extreme proposals, are not "signboards" the return points of manners control.
People do not change their manners because they have a "signboard".Those who look at the "signboard" and pay attention to manners should be those who do not violate manners in the first place.If you treat your visitors as children and try to regulate all actions, such as "this is no good", "that's no good", "do this", "do that", there is no drill.
If there are too many manners violations, we will introduce a mechanism to prevent it.The signboard should be examined, and if necessary, be sure to pay attention to the design and position.More than that, you have to leave it to the other person's common sense.And Japan, which has many famous tourist destinations in the world and has to have tourists from all over the world, has reached an era where it is time to shift to such mature "adult response".There is.
